iris/iris.go

//Package iris the fastest go web framework in (this) Earth.
///NOTE: When you see 'framework' or 'station' we mean the Iris web framework's main implementation.
//
//
// Basic usage
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// package main
//
// import  "github.com/kataras/iris"
//
// func main() {
//     iris.Get("/hi_json", func(c *iris.Context) {
//         c.JSON(200, iris.Map{
//             "Name": "Iris",
//             "Age":  2,
//         })
//     })
//     iris.Listen(":8080")
// }
//
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// package main
//
// import  "github.com/kataras/iris"
//
// func main() {
// 	s1 := iris.New()
// 	s1.Get("/hi_json", func(c *iris.Context) {
// 		c.JSON(200, iris.Map{
// 			"Name": "Iris",
// 			"Age":  2,
// 		})
// 	})
//
// 	s2 := iris.New()
// 	s2.Get("/hi_raw_html", func(c *iris.Context) {
// 		c.HTML(iris.StatusOK, "<b> Iris </b> welcomes <h1>you!</h1>")
// 	})
//
// 	go s1.Listen(":8080")
// 	s2.Listen(":1993")
// }
//
// -----------------------------DOCUMENTATION----------------------------
// ----------------------------_______________---------------------------
// For middleware, templates, sessions, websockets, mails, subdomains,
// dynamic subdomains, routes, party of subdomains & routes and much more
// visit https://www.gitbook.com/book/kataras/iris/details
package iris

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"path"
	"reflect"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/kataras/iris/errors"

	"github.com/kataras/iris/config"
	"github.com/kataras/iris/context"
	"github.com/kataras/iris/utils"
	"github.com/valyala/fasthttp"
)

const (
	// Version of the iris
	Version = "3.0.0-rc.2"
	banner  = `         _____      _
        |_   _|    (_)
          | |  ____ _  ___
          | | | __|| |/ __|
         _| |_| |  | |\__ \
        |_____|_|  |_||___/ ` + Version + `
                                                 				 `
)

type (
	// FrameworkAPI contains the main Iris Public API
	FrameworkAPI interface {
		MuxAPI
		Must(error)
		ListenWithErr(string) error
		Listen(string)
		ListenTLSWithErr(string, string, string) error
		ListenTLS(string, string, string)
		ListenUNIXWithErr(string, os.FileMode) error
		ListenUNIX(string, os.FileMode)
		NoListen() *Server
		Close()
		// global middleware prepending, registers to all subdomains, to all parties, you can call it at the last also
		MustUse(...Handler)
		MustUseFunc(...HandlerFunc)
		OnError(int, HandlerFunc)
		EmitError(int, *Context)
		Lookup(string) Route
		Lookups() []Route
		Path(string, ...interface{}) string
		URL(string, ...interface{}) string
		SendMail(string, string, ...string) error
		TemplateString(string, interface{}, ...string) string
	}

	// RouteNameFunc the func returns from the MuxAPi's methods, optionally sets the name of the Route (*route)
	RouteNameFunc func(string)
	// MuxAPI the visible api for the serveMux
	MuxAPI interface {
		Party(string, ...HandlerFunc) MuxAPI
		// middleware serial, appending
		Use(...Handler)
		UseFunc(...HandlerFunc)

		// main handlers
		Handle(string, string, ...Handler) RouteNameFunc
		HandleFunc(string, string, ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc
		// H_ is used to convert a context.IContext handler func to iris.HandlerFunc, is used only inside iris internal package to avoid import cycles
		H_(string, string, func(context.IContext)) func(string)
		API(string, HandlerAPI, ...HandlerFunc)

		// http methods
		Get(string, ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc
		Post(string, ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc
		Put(string, ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc
		Delete(string, ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc
		Connect(string, ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc
		Head(string, ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc
		Options(string, ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc
		Patch(string, ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc
		Trace(string, ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc
		Any(string, ...HandlerFunc)

		// static content
		StaticHandler(string, int, bool, bool, []string) HandlerFunc
		Static(string, string, int) RouteNameFunc
		StaticFS(string, string, int) RouteNameFunc
		StaticWeb(string, string, int) RouteNameFunc
		StaticServe(string, ...string) RouteNameFunc
		StaticContent(string, string, []byte) func(string)
		Favicon(string, ...string) RouteNameFunc

		// templates
		Layout(string) MuxAPI // returns itself
	}
)

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// --------------------------------Framework implementation-----------------------------
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

var _ FrameworkAPI = &Framework{}

// Must panics on error, it panics on registed iris' logger
func Must(err error) {
	Default.Must(err)
}

// Must panics on error, it panics on registed iris' logger
func (s *Framework) Must(err error) {
	if err != nil {
		s.Logger.Panic(err.Error())
	}
}

// ListenWithErr starts the standalone http server
// which listens to the addr parameter which as the form of
// host:port
//
// It returns an error you are responsible how to handle this
// if you need a func to panic on error use the Listen
// ex: log.Fatal(iris.ListenWithErr(":8080"))
func ListenWithErr(addr string) error {
	return Default.ListenWithErr(addr)
}

// Listen starts the standalone http server
// which listens to the addr parameter which as the form of
// host:port
//
// It panics on error if you need a func to return an error use the ListenWithErr
// ex: iris.Listen(":8080")
func Listen(addr string) {
	Default.Listen(addr)
}

// ListenWithErr starts the standalone http server
// which listens to the addr parameter which as the form of
// host:port
//
// It returns an error you are responsible how to handle this
// if you need a func to panic on error use the Listen
// ex: log.Fatal(iris.ListenWithErr(":8080"))
func (s *Framework) ListenWithErr(addr string) error {
	s.Config.Server.ListeningAddr = addr
	return s.openServer()
}

// Listen starts the standalone http server
// which listens to the addr parameter which as the form of
// host:port
//
// It panics on error if you need a func to return an error use the ListenWithErr
// ex: iris.Listen(":8080")
func (s *Framework) Listen(addr string) {
	s.Must(s.ListenWithErr(addr))
}

// ListenTLSWithErr Starts a https server with certificates,
// if you use this method the requests of the form of 'http://' will fail
// only https:// connections are allowed
// which listens to the addr parameter which as the form of
// host:port
//
// It returns an error you are responsible how to handle this
// if you need a func to panic on error use the ListenTLS
// ex: log.Fatal(iris.ListenTLSWithErr(":8080","yourfile.cert","yourfile.key"))
func ListenTLSWithErr(addr string, certFile string, keyFile string) error {
	return Default.ListenTLSWithErr(addr, certFile, keyFile)
}

// ListenTLS Starts a https server with certificates,
// if you use this method the requests of the form of 'http://' will fail
// only https:// connections are allowed
// which listens to the addr parameter which as the form of
// host:port
//
// It panics on error if you need a func to return an error use the ListenTLSWithErr
// ex: iris.ListenTLS(":8080","yourfile.cert","yourfile.key")
func ListenTLS(addr string, certFile string, keyFile string) {
	Default.ListenTLS(addr, certFile, keyFile)
}

// ListenTLSWithErr Starts a https server with certificates,
// if you use this method the requests of the form of 'http://' will fail
// only https:// connections are allowed
// which listens to the addr parameter which as the form of
// host:port
//
// It returns an error you are responsible how to handle this
// if you need a func to panic on error use the ListenTLS
// ex: log.Fatal(iris.ListenTLSWithErr(":8080","yourfile.cert","yourfile.key"))
func (s *Framework) ListenTLSWithErr(addr string, certFile string, keyFile string) error {
	s.Config.Server.ListeningAddr = addr
	s.Config.Server.CertFile = certFile
	s.Config.Server.KeyFile = keyFile
	return s.openServer()
}

// ListenTLS Starts a https server with certificates,
// if you use this method the requests of the form of 'http://' will fail
// only https:// connections are allowed
// which listens to the addr parameter which as the form of
// host:port
//
// It panics on error if you need a func to return an error use the ListenTLSWithErr
// ex: iris.ListenTLS(":8080","yourfile.cert","yourfile.key")
func (s *Framework) ListenTLS(addr string, certFile, keyFile string) {
	s.Must(s.ListenTLSWithErr(addr, certFile, keyFile))
}

// ListenUNIXWithErr starts the process of listening to the new requests using a 'socket file', this works only on unix
// returns an error if something bad happens when trying to listen to
func ListenUNIXWithErr(addr string, mode os.FileMode) error {
	return Default.ListenUNIXWithErr(addr, mode)
}

// ListenUNIX starts the process of listening to the new requests using a 'socket file', this works only on unix
// panics on error
func ListenUNIX(addr string, mode os.FileMode) {
	Default.ListenUNIX(addr, mode)
}

// ListenUNIXWithErr starts the process of listening to the new requests using a 'socket file', this works only on unix
// returns an error if something bad happens when trying to listen to
func (s *Framework) ListenUNIXWithErr(addr string, mode os.FileMode) error {
	s.Config.Server.ListeningAddr = addr
	s.Config.Server.Mode = mode
	return s.openServer()
}

// ListenUNIX starts the process of listening to the new requests using a 'socket file', this works only on unix
// panics on error
func (s *Framework) ListenUNIX(addr string, mode os.FileMode) {
	s.Must(s.ListenUNIXWithErr(addr, mode))
}

// NoListen is useful only when you want to test Iris, it doesn't starts the server but it configures and returns it
func NoListen() *Server {
	return Default.NoListen()
}

// NoListen is useful only when you want to test Iris, it doesn't starts the server but it configures and returns it
// initializes the whole framework but server doesn't listens to a specific net.Listener
func (s *Framework) NoListen() *Server {
	return s.justServe()
}

// CloseWithErr terminates the server and returns an error if any
func CloseWithErr() error {
	return Default.CloseWithErr()
}

//Close terminates the server and panic if error occurs
func Close() {
	Default.Close()
}

// CloseWithErr terminates the server and returns an error if any
func (s *Framework) CloseWithErr() error {
	return s.closeServer()
}

//Close terminates the server and panic if error occurs
func (s *Framework) Close() {
	s.Must(s.CloseWithErr())
}

// MustUse registers Handler middleware  to the beginning, prepends them instead of append
//
// Use it when you want to add a global middleware to all parties, to all routes in  all subdomains
// It can be called after other, (but before .Listen of course)
func MustUse(handlers ...Handler) {
	Default.MustUse(handlers...)
}

// MustUseFunc registers HandlerFunc middleware  to the beginning, prepends them instead of append
//
// Use it when you want to add a global middleware to all parties, to all routes in  all subdomains
// It can be called after other, (but before .Listen of course)
func MustUseFunc(handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) {
	Default.MustUseFunc(handlersFn...)
}

// MustUse registers Handler middleware  to the beginning, prepends them instead of append
//
// Use it when you want to add a global middleware to all parties, to all routes in  all subdomains
// It can be called after other, (but before .Listen of course)
func (s *Framework) MustUse(handlers ...Handler) {
	for _, r := range s.mux.lookups {
		r.middleware = append(handlers, r.middleware...)
	}
}

// MustUseFunc registers HandlerFunc middleware to the beginning, prepends them instead of append
//
// Use it when you want to add a global middleware to all parties, to all routes in  all subdomains
// It can be called after other, (but before .Listen of course)
func (s *Framework) MustUseFunc(handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) {
	s.MustUse(convertToHandlers(handlersFn)...)
}

// OnError registers a custom http error handler
func OnError(statusCode int, handlerFn HandlerFunc) {
	Default.OnError(statusCode, handlerFn)
}

// EmitError fires a custom http error handler to the client
//
// if no custom error defined with this statuscode, then iris creates one, and once at runtime
func EmitError(statusCode int, ctx *Context) {
	Default.EmitError(statusCode, ctx)
}

// OnError registers a custom http error handler
func (s *Framework) OnError(statusCode int, handlerFn HandlerFunc) {
	s.mux.registerError(statusCode, handlerFn)
}

// EmitError fires a custom http error handler to the client
//
// if no custom error defined with this statuscode, then iris creates one, and once at runtime
func (s *Framework) EmitError(statusCode int, ctx *Context) {
	s.mux.fireError(statusCode, ctx)
}

// Lookup returns a registed route by its name
func Lookup(routeName string) Route {
	return Default.Lookup(routeName)
}

// Lookups returns all registed routes
func Lookups() []Route {
	return Default.Lookups()
}

// Lookup returns a registed route by its name
func (s *Framework) Lookup(routeName string) Route {
	return s.mux.lookup(routeName)
}

// Lookups returns all registed routes
func (s *Framework) Lookups() (routes []Route) {
	// silly but...
	for i := range s.mux.lookups {
		routes = append(routes, s.mux.lookups[i])
	}
	return
}

// Path used to check arguments with the route's named parameters and return the correct url
// if parse failed returns empty string
func Path(routeName string, args ...interface{}) string {
	return Default.Path(routeName, args...)
}

// Path used to check arguments with the route's named parameters and return the correct url
// if parse failed returns empty string
func (s *Framework) Path(routeName string, args ...interface{}) string {
	r := s.mux.lookup(routeName)
	if r == nil {
		return ""
	}

	argsLen := len(args)

	// we have named parameters but arguments not given
	if argsLen == 0 && r.formattedParts > 0 {
		return ""
	} else if argsLen == 0 && r.formattedParts == 0 {
		// it's static then just return the path
		return r.path
	}

	// we have arguments but they are much more than the named parameters

	// 1 check if we have /*, if yes then join all arguments to one as path and pass that as parameter
	if argsLen > r.formattedParts {
		if r.path[len(r.path)-1] == matchEverythingByte {
			// we have to convert each argument to a string in this case

			argsString := make([]string, argsLen, argsLen)

			for i, v := range args {
				if s, ok := v.(string); ok {
					argsString[i] = s
				} else if num, ok := v.(int); ok {
					argsString[i] = strconv.Itoa(num)
				} else if b, ok := v.(bool); ok {
					argsString[i] = strconv.FormatBool(b)
				} else if arr, ok := v.([]string); ok {
					if len(arr) > 0 {
						argsString[i] = arr[0]
						argsString = append(argsString, arr[1:]...)
					}
				}
			}

			parameter := strings.Join(argsString, slash)
			result := fmt.Sprintf(r.formattedPath, parameter)
			return result
		}
		// 2 if !1 return false
		return ""
	}

	arguments := args[0:]

	// check for arrays
	for i, v := range arguments {
		if arr, ok := v.([]string); ok {
			if len(arr) > 0 {
				interfaceArr := make([]interface{}, len(arr))
				for j, sv := range arr {
					interfaceArr[j] = sv
				}
				arguments[i] = interfaceArr[0]
				arguments = append(arguments, interfaceArr[1:]...)
			}

		}
	}

	return fmt.Sprintf(r.formattedPath, arguments...)
}

// URL returns the subdomain+ host + Path(...optional named parameters if route is dynamic)
// returns an empty string if parse is failed
func URL(routeName string, args ...interface{}) (url string) {
	return Default.URL(routeName, args...)
}

// URL returns the subdomain+ host + Path(...optional named parameters if route is dynamic)
// returns an empty string if parse is failed
func (s *Framework) URL(routeName string, args ...interface{}) (url string) {
	r := s.mux.lookup(routeName)
	if r == nil {
		return
	}

	scheme := "http://"
	if s.HTTPServer.IsSecure() {
		scheme = "https://"
	}

	host := s.HTTPServer.VirtualHost()
	arguments := args[0:]

	// join arrays as arguments
	for i, v := range arguments {
		if arr, ok := v.([]string); ok {
			if len(arr) > 0 {
				interfaceArr := make([]interface{}, len(arr))
				for j, sv := range arr {
					interfaceArr[j] = sv
				}
				arguments[i] = interfaceArr[0]
				arguments = append(arguments, interfaceArr[1:]...)
			}

		}
	}

	// if it's dynamic subdomain then the first argument is the subdomain part
	if r.subdomain == dynamicSubdomainIndicator {
		if len(arguments) == 0 { // it's a wildcard subdomain but not arguments
			return
		}

		if subdomain, ok := arguments[0].(string); ok {
			host = subdomain + "." + host
		} else {
			// it is not array because we join them before. if not pass a string then this is not a subdomain part, return empty uri
			return
		}

		arguments = arguments[1:]
	}

	if parsedPath := Path(routeName, arguments...); parsedPath != "" {
		url = scheme + host + parsedPath
	}

	return
}

// SendMail sends a mail to recipients
// the body can be html also
func SendMail(subject string, body string, to ...string) error {
	return Default.SendMail(subject, body, to...)
}

// SendMail sends a mail to recipients
// the body can be html also
func (s *Framework) SendMail(subject string, body string, to ...string) error {
	s.prepareMailer()
	return s.mailer.Send(subject, body, to...)
}

// TemplateString executes a template and returns its result as string, useful when you want it for sending rich e-mails
// returns empty string on error
func TemplateString(templateFile string, pageContext interface{}, layout ...string) string {
	return Default.TemplateString(templateFile, pageContext, layout...)
}

// TemplateString executes a template and returns its result as string, useful when you want it for sending rich e-mails
// returns empty string on error
func (s *Framework) TemplateString(templateFile string, pageContext interface{}, layout ...string) string {
	s.prepareTemplates()
	res, err := s.templates.RenderString(templateFile, pageContext, layout...)
	if err != nil {
		return ""
	}
	return res
}

// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ----------------------------------MuxAPI implementation------------------------------
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

type muxAPI struct {
	mux          *serveMux
	relativePath string
	middleware   Middleware
}

var (
	// errAPIContextNotFound returns an error with message: 'From .API: "Context *iris.Context could not be found..'
	errAPIContextNotFound = errors.New("From .API: Context *iris.Context could not be found.")
	// errDirectoryFileNotFound returns an error with message: 'Directory or file %s couldn't found. Trace: +error trace'
	errDirectoryFileNotFound = errors.New("Directory or file %s couldn't found. Trace: %s")
)

var _ MuxAPI = &muxAPI{}

// Party is just a group joiner of routes which have the same prefix and share same middleware(s) also.
// Party can also be named as 'Join' or 'Node' or 'Group' , Party chosen because it has more fun
func Party(relativePath string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) MuxAPI {
	return Default.Party(relativePath, handlersFn...)
}

// Party is just a group joiner of routes which have the same prefix and share same middleware(s) also.
// Party can also be named as 'Join' or 'Node' or 'Group' , Party chosen because it has more fun
func (api *muxAPI) Party(relativePath string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) MuxAPI {
	parentPath := api.relativePath
	dot := string(subdomainIndicator[0])
	if len(parentPath) > 0 && parentPath[0] == slashByte && strings.HasSuffix(relativePath, dot) { // if ends with . , example: admin., it's subdomain->
		parentPath = parentPath[1:] // remove first slash
	}

	fullpath := parentPath + relativePath
	middleware := convertToHandlers(handlersFn)
	// append the parent's +child's handlers
	middleware = joinMiddleware(api.middleware, middleware)
	return &muxAPI{relativePath: fullpath, mux: api.mux, middleware: middleware}
}

// Use registers Handler middleware
func Use(handlers ...Handler) {
	Default.Use(handlers...)
}

// UseFunc registers HandlerFunc middleware
func UseFunc(handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) {
	Default.UseFunc(handlersFn...)
}

// Use registers Handler middleware
func (api *muxAPI) Use(handlers ...Handler) {
	api.middleware = append(api.middleware, handlers...)
}

// UseFunc registers HandlerFunc middleware
func (api *muxAPI) UseFunc(handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) {
	api.Use(convertToHandlers(handlersFn)...)
}

// Handle registers a route to the server's router
// if empty method is passed then registers handler(s) for all methods, same as .Any, but returns nil as result
func Handle(method string, registedPath string, handlers ...Handler) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Handle(method, registedPath, handlers...)
}

// HandleFunc registers and returns a route with a method string, path string and a handler
// registedPath is the relative url path
func HandleFunc(method string, registedPath string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.HandleFunc(method, registedPath, handlersFn...)
}

// Handle registers a route to the server's router
// if empty method is passed then registers handler(s) for all methods, same as .Any, but returns nil as result
func (api *muxAPI) Handle(method string, registedPath string, handlers ...Handler) RouteNameFunc {
	if method == "" { // then use like it was .Any
		for _, k := range AllMethods {
			api.Handle(k, registedPath, handlers...)
		}
		return nil
	}

	fullpath := api.relativePath + registedPath // keep the last "/" if any,  "/xyz/"

	middleware := joinMiddleware(api.middleware, handlers)

	// here we separate the subdomain and relative path
	subdomain := ""
	path := fullpath

	if dotWSlashIdx := strings.Index(path, subdomainIndicator); dotWSlashIdx > 0 {
		subdomain = fullpath[0 : dotWSlashIdx+1] // admin.
		path = fullpath[dotWSlashIdx+1:]         // /
	}

	path = strings.Replace(path, "//", "/", -1) // fix the path if double //
	return api.mux.register([]byte(method), subdomain, path, middleware).setName
}

// HandleFunc registers and returns a route with a method string, path string and a handler
// registedPath is the relative url path
func (api *muxAPI) HandleFunc(method string, registedPath string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return api.Handle(method, registedPath, convertToHandlers(handlersFn)...)
}

// H_ is used to convert a context.IContext handler func to iris.HandlerFunc, is used only inside iris internal package to avoid import cycles
func (api *muxAPI) H_(method string, registedPath string, fn func(context.IContext)) func(string) {
	return api.HandleFunc(method, registedPath, func(ctx *Context) {
		fn(ctx)
	})
}

// API converts & registers a custom struct to the router
// receives two parameters
// first is the request path (string)
// second is the custom struct (interface{}) which can be anything that has a *iris.Context as field.
// third is the common middlewares, it's optional
//
// Note that API's routes have their default-name to the full registed path,
// no need to give a special name for it, because it's not supposed to be used inside your templates.
//
// Recommend to use when you retrieve data from an external database,
// and the router-performance is not the (only) thing which slows the server's overall performance.
//
// This is a slow method, if you care about router-performance use the Handle/HandleFunc/Get/Post/Put/Delete/Trace/Options... instead
func API(path string, restAPI HandlerAPI, middleware ...HandlerFunc) {
	Default.API(path, restAPI, middleware...)
}

// API converts & registers a custom struct to the router
// receives two parameters
// first is the request path (string)
// second is the custom struct (interface{}) which can be anything that has a *iris.Context as field.
// third is the common middleware, it's optional
//
// Note that API's routes have their default-name to the full registed path,
// no need to give a special name for it, because it's not supposed to be used inside your templates.
//
// Recommend to use when you retrieve data from an external database,
// and the router-performance is not the (only) thing which slows the server's overall performance.
//
// This is a slow method, if you care about router-performance use the Handle/HandleFunc/Get/Post/Put/Delete/Trace/Options... instead
func (api *muxAPI) API(path string, restAPI HandlerAPI, middleware ...HandlerFunc) {
	// here we need to find the registed methods and convert them to handler funcs
	// methods are collected by method naming:  Get(),GetBy(...), Post(),PostBy(...), Put() and so on

	typ := reflect.ValueOf(restAPI).Type()
	contextField, found := typ.FieldByName("Context")
	if !found {
		panic(errAPIContextNotFound.Return())
	}

	// check & register the Get(),Post(),Put(),Delete() and so on
	for _, methodName := range AllMethods {

		methodCapitalName := strings.Title(strings.ToLower(methodName))

		if method, found := typ.MethodByName(methodCapitalName); found {
			methodFunc := method.Func
			if !methodFunc.IsValid() || methodFunc.Type().NumIn() > 1 { // for any case
				continue
			}

			func(path string, typ reflect.Type, contextField reflect.StructField, methodFunc reflect.Value, method string) {
				var handlersFn []HandlerFunc

				handlersFn = append(handlersFn, middleware...)
				handlersFn = append(handlersFn, func(ctx *Context) {
					newController := reflect.New(typ).Elem()
					newController.FieldByName("Context").Set(reflect.ValueOf(ctx))
					methodFunc.Call([]reflect.Value{newController})
				})
				// register route
				api.HandleFunc(method, path, handlersFn...)
			}(path, typ, contextField, methodFunc, methodName)

		}

	}

	// check for GetBy/PostBy(id string, something_else string) , these must be requested by the same order.
	// (we could do this in the same top loop but I don't want)
	// GET, DELETE -> with url named parameters (/users/:id/:secondArgumentIfExists)
	// POST, PUT -> with post values (form)
	// all other with URL Parameters (?something=this&else=other
	//
	// or no, I changed my mind, let all be named parameters and let users to decide what info they need,
	// using the Context to take more values (post form,url params and so on).-

	for _, methodName := range AllMethods {
		methodWithBy := strings.Title(strings.ToLower(methodName)) + "By"
		if method, found := typ.MethodByName(methodWithBy); found {
			methodFunc := method.Func
			if !methodFunc.IsValid() || methodFunc.Type().NumIn() < 2 { //it's By but it has not receive any arguments so its not api's
				continue
			}
			methodFuncType := methodFunc.Type()
			numInLen := methodFuncType.NumIn() // how much data we should receive from the request
			registedPath := path

			for i := 1; i < numInLen; i++ { // from 1 because the first is the 'object'
				if registedPath[len(registedPath)-1] == slashByte {
					registedPath += ":param" + strconv.Itoa(i)
				} else {
					registedPath += "/:param" + strconv.Itoa(i)
				}
			}

			func(registedPath string, typ reflect.Type, contextField reflect.StructField, methodFunc reflect.Value, paramsLen int, method string) {
				var handlersFn []HandlerFunc

				handlersFn = append(handlersFn, middleware...)
				handlersFn = append(handlersFn, func(ctx *Context) {
					newController := reflect.New(typ).Elem()
					newController.FieldByName("Context").Set(reflect.ValueOf(ctx))
					args := make([]reflect.Value, paramsLen+1, paramsLen+1)
					args[0] = newController
					for i := 0; i < paramsLen; i++ {
						args[i+1] = reflect.ValueOf(ctx.Params[i].Value)
					}
					methodFunc.Call(args)
				})
				// register route
				api.HandleFunc(method, registedPath, handlersFn...)
			}(registedPath, typ, contextField, methodFunc, numInLen-1, methodName)

		}

	}

}

// Get registers a route for the Get http method
func Get(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Get(path, handlersFn...)
}

// Post registers a route for the Post http method
func Post(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Post(path, handlersFn...)
}

// Put registers a route for the Put http method
func Put(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Put(path, handlersFn...)
}

// Delete registers a route for the Delete http method
func Delete(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Delete(path, handlersFn...)
}

// Connect registers a route for the Connect http method
func Connect(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Connect(path, handlersFn...)
}

// Head registers a route for the Head http method
func Head(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Head(path, handlersFn...)
}

// Options registers a route for the Options http method
func Options(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Options(path, handlersFn...)
}

// Patch registers a route for the Patch http method
func Patch(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Patch(path, handlersFn...)
}

// Trace registers a route for the Trace http method
func Trace(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Trace(path, handlersFn...)
}

// Any registers a route for ALL of the http methods (Get,Post,Put,Head,Patch,Options,Connect,Delete)
func Any(registedPath string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) {
	Default.Any(registedPath, handlersFn...)

}

// Get registers a route for the Get http method
func (api *muxAPI) Get(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return api.HandleFunc(MethodGet, path, handlersFn...)
}

// Post registers a route for the Post http method
func (api *muxAPI) Post(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return api.HandleFunc(MethodPost, path, handlersFn...)
}

// Put registers a route for the Put http method
func (api *muxAPI) Put(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return api.HandleFunc(MethodPut, path, handlersFn...)
}

// Delete registers a route for the Delete http method
func (api *muxAPI) Delete(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return api.HandleFunc(MethodDelete, path, handlersFn...)
}

// Connect registers a route for the Connect http method
func (api *muxAPI) Connect(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return api.HandleFunc(MethodConnect, path, handlersFn...)
}

// Head registers a route for the Head http method
func (api *muxAPI) Head(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return api.HandleFunc(MethodHead, path, handlersFn...)
}

// Options registers a route for the Options http method
func (api *muxAPI) Options(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return api.HandleFunc(MethodOptions, path, handlersFn...)
}

// Patch registers a route for the Patch http method
func (api *muxAPI) Patch(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return api.HandleFunc(MethodPatch, path, handlersFn...)
}

// Trace registers a route for the Trace http method
func (api *muxAPI) Trace(path string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) RouteNameFunc {
	return api.HandleFunc(MethodTrace, path, handlersFn...)
}

// Any registers a route for ALL of the http methods (Get,Post,Put,Head,Patch,Options,Connect,Delete)
func (api *muxAPI) Any(registedPath string, handlersFn ...HandlerFunc) {
	for _, k := range AllMethods {
		api.HandleFunc(k, registedPath, handlersFn...)
	}
}

// StaticHandler returns a Handler to serve static system directory
// Accepts 5 parameters
//
// first is the systemPath (string)
// Path to the root directory to serve files from.
//
// second is the  stripSlashes (int) level
// * stripSlashes = 0, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/foo/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 1, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 2, original path: "/foo/bar", result: ""
//
// third is the compress (bool)
// Transparently compresses responses if set to true.
//
// The server tries minimizing CPU usage by caching compressed files.
// It adds fasthttp.FSCompressedFileSuffix suffix to the original file name and
// tries saving the resulting compressed file under the new file name.
// So it is advisable to give the server write access to Root
// and to all inner folders in order to minimze CPU usage when serving
// compressed responses.
//
// fourth is the generateIndexPages (bool)
// Index pages for directories without files matching IndexNames
// are automatically generated if set.
//
// Directory index generation may be quite slow for directories
// with many files (more than 1K), so it is discouraged enabling
// index pages' generation for such directories.
//
// fifth is the indexNames ([]string)
// List of index file names to try opening during directory access.
//
// For example:
//
//     * index.html
//     * index.htm
//     * my-super-index.xml
//
func StaticHandler(systemPath string, stripSlashes int, compress bool, generateIndexPages bool, indexNames []string) HandlerFunc {
	return Default.StaticHandler(systemPath, stripSlashes, compress, generateIndexPages, indexNames)
}

// StaticHandler returns a Handler to serve static system directory
// Accepts 5 parameters
//
// first is the systemPath (string)
// Path to the root directory to serve files from.
//
// second is the  stripSlashes (int) level
// * stripSlashes = 0, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/foo/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 1, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 2, original path: "/foo/bar", result: ""
//
// third is the compress (bool)
// Transparently compresses responses if set to true.
//
// The server tries minimizing CPU usage by caching compressed files.
// It adds fasthttp.FSCompressedFileSuffix suffix to the original file name and
// tries saving the resulting compressed file under the new file name.
// So it is advisable to give the server write access to Root
// and to all inner folders in order to minimze CPU usage when serving
// compressed responses.
//
// fourth is the generateIndexPages (bool)
// Index pages for directories without files matching IndexNames
// are automatically generated if set.
//
// Directory index generation may be quite slow for directories
// with many files (more than 1K), so it is discouraged enabling
// index pages' generation for such directories.
//
// fifth is the indexNames ([]string)
// List of index file names to try opening during directory access.
//
// For example:
//
//     * index.html
//     * index.htm
//     * my-super-index.xml
//
func (api *muxAPI) StaticHandler(systemPath string, stripSlashes int, compress bool, generateIndexPages bool, indexNames []string) HandlerFunc {
	if indexNames == nil {
		indexNames = []string{}
	}
	fs := &fasthttp.FS{
		// Path to directory to serve.
		Root:       systemPath,
		IndexNames: indexNames,
		// Generate index pages if client requests directory contents.
		GenerateIndexPages: generateIndexPages,

		// Enable transparent compression to save network traffic.
		Compress:             compress,
		CacheDuration:        config.StaticCacheDuration,
		CompressedFileSuffix: config.CompressedFileSuffix,
	}

	if stripSlashes > 0 {
		fs.PathRewrite = fasthttp.NewPathSlashesStripper(stripSlashes)
	}

	// Create request handler for serving static files.
	h := fs.NewRequestHandler()
	return HandlerFunc(func(ctx *Context) {
		h(ctx.RequestCtx)
		errCode := ctx.RequestCtx.Response.StatusCode()
		if errCode == StatusNotFound || errCode == StatusBadRequest || errCode == StatusInternalServerError {
			api.mux.fireError(errCode, ctx)
		}
		if ctx.pos < uint8(len(ctx.middleware))-1 {
			ctx.Next() // for any case
		}

	})
}

// Static registers a route which serves a system directory
// this doesn't generates an index page which list all files
// no compression is used also, for these features look at StaticFS func
// accepts three parameters
// first parameter is the request url path (string)
// second parameter is the system directory (string)
// third parameter is the level (int) of stripSlashes
// * stripSlashes = 0, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/foo/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 1, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 2, original path: "/foo/bar", result: ""
func Static(relative string, systemPath string, stripSlashes int) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Static(relative, systemPath, stripSlashes)
}

// Static registers a route which serves a system directory
// this doesn't generates an index page which list all files
// no compression is used also, for these features look at StaticFS func
// accepts three parameters
// first parameter is the request url path (string)
// second parameter is the system directory (string)
// third parameter is the level (int) of stripSlashes
// * stripSlashes = 0, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/foo/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 1, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 2, original path: "/foo/bar", result: ""
func (api *muxAPI) Static(relative string, systemPath string, stripSlashes int) RouteNameFunc {
	if relative[len(relative)-1] != slashByte { // if / then /*filepath, if /something then /something/*filepath
		relative += slash
	}

	h := api.StaticHandler(systemPath, stripSlashes, false, false, nil)

	api.Head(relative+"*filepath", h)
	return api.Get(relative+"*filepath", h)
}

// StaticFS registers a route which serves a system directory
// this is the fastest method to serve static files
// generates an index page which list all files
// if you use this method it will generate compressed files also
// think this function as small fileserver with http
// accepts three parameters
// first parameter is the request url path (string)
// second parameter is the system directory (string)
// third parameter is the level (int) of stripSlashes
// * stripSlashes = 0, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/foo/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 1, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 2, original path: "/foo/bar", result: ""
func StaticFS(reqPath string, systemPath string, stripSlashes int) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.StaticFS(reqPath, systemPath, stripSlashes)
}

// StaticFS registers a route which serves a system directory
// this is the fastest method to serve static files
// generates an index page which list all files
// if you use this method it will generate compressed files also
// think this function as small fileserver with http
// accepts three parameters
// first parameter is the request url path (string)
// second parameter is the system directory (string)
// third parameter is the level (int) of stripSlashes
// * stripSlashes = 0, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/foo/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 1, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 2, original path: "/foo/bar", result: ""
func (api *muxAPI) StaticFS(reqPath string, systemPath string, stripSlashes int) RouteNameFunc {
	if reqPath[len(reqPath)-1] != slashByte {
		reqPath += slash
	}

	h := api.StaticHandler(systemPath, stripSlashes, true, true, nil)
	api.Head(reqPath+"*filepath", h)
	return api.Get(reqPath+"*filepath", h)
}

// StaticWeb same as Static but if index.html exists and request uri is '/' then display the index.html's contents
// accepts three parameters
// first parameter is the request url path (string)
// second parameter is the system directory (string)
// third parameter is the level (int) of stripSlashes
// * stripSlashes = 0, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/foo/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 1, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 2, original path: "/foo/bar", result: ""
// * if you don't know what to put on stripSlashes just 1
func StaticWeb(reqPath string, systemPath string, stripSlashes int) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.StaticWeb(reqPath, systemPath, stripSlashes)
}

// StaticWeb same as Static but if index.html exists and request uri is '/' then display the index.html's contents
// accepts three parameters
// first parameter is the request url path (string)
// second parameter is the system directory (string)
// third parameter is the level (int) of stripSlashes
// * stripSlashes = 0, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/foo/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 1, original path: "/foo/bar", result: "/bar"
// * stripSlashes = 2, original path: "/foo/bar", result: ""
// * if you don't know what to put on stripSlashes just 1
func (api *muxAPI) StaticWeb(reqPath string, systemPath string, stripSlashes int) RouteNameFunc {
	if reqPath[len(reqPath)-1] != slashByte { // if / then /*filepath, if /something then /something/*filepath
		reqPath += slash
	}

	hasIndex := utils.Exists(systemPath + utils.PathSeparator + "index.html")
	serveHandler := api.StaticHandler(systemPath, stripSlashes, false, !hasIndex, nil) // if not index.html exists then generate index.html which shows the list of files
	indexHandler := func(ctx *Context) {
		if len(ctx.Param("filepath")) < 2 && hasIndex {
			ctx.Request.SetRequestURI("index.html")
		}
		ctx.Next()

	}
	api.Head(reqPath+"*filepath", indexHandler, serveHandler)
	return api.Get(reqPath+"*filepath", indexHandler, serveHandler)
}

// StaticServe serves a directory as web resource
// it's the simpliest form of the Static* functions
// Almost same usage as StaticWeb
// accepts only one required parameter which is the systemPath ( the same path will be used to register the GET&HEAD routes)
// if second parameter is empty, otherwise the requestPath is the second parameter
// it uses gzip compression (compression on each request, no file cache)
func StaticServe(systemPath string, requestPath ...string) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.StaticServe(systemPath, requestPath...)
}

// StaticServe serves a directory as web resource
// it's the simpliest form of the Static* functions
// Almost same usage as StaticWeb
// accepts only one required parameter which is the systemPath ( the same path will be used to register the GET&HEAD routes)
// if second parameter is empty, otherwise the requestPath is the second parameter
// it uses gzip compression (compression on each request, no file cache)
func (api *muxAPI) StaticServe(systemPath string, requestPath ...string) RouteNameFunc {
	var reqPath string

	if len(requestPath) == 0 {
		reqPath = strings.Replace(systemPath, utils.PathSeparator, slash, -1) // replaces any \ to /
		reqPath = strings.Replace(reqPath, "//", slash, -1)                   // for any case, replaces // to /
		reqPath = strings.Replace(reqPath, ".", "", -1)                       // replace any dots (./mypath -> /mypath)
	} else {
		reqPath = requestPath[0]
	}

	return api.Get(reqPath+"/*file", func(ctx *Context) {
		filepath := ctx.Param("file")

		spath := strings.Replace(filepath, "/", utils.PathSeparator, -1)
		spath = path.Join(systemPath, spath)

		if !utils.DirectoryExists(spath) {
			ctx.NotFound()
			return
		}

		ctx.ServeFile(spath, true)
	})
}

// StaticContent serves bytes, memory cached, on the reqPath
// a good example of this is how the websocket server uses that to auto-register the /iris-ws.js
func StaticContent(reqPath string, contentType string, content []byte) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.StaticContent(reqPath, contentType, content)
}

// StaticContent serves bytes, memory cached, on the reqPath
// a good example of this is how the websocket server uses that to auto-register the /iris-ws.js
func (api *muxAPI) StaticContent(reqPath string, cType string, content []byte) func(string) { // func(string) because we use that on websockets
	modtime := time.Now()
	modtimeStr := modtime.UTC().Format(config.TimeFormat)
	h := func(ctx *Context) {
		if t, err := time.Parse(config.TimeFormat, ctx.RequestHeader(ifModifiedSince)); err == nil && modtime.Before(t.Add(config.StaticCacheDuration)) {
			ctx.Response.Header.Del(contentType)
			ctx.Response.Header.Del(contentLength)
			ctx.SetStatusCode(StatusNotModified)
			return
		}

		ctx.Response.Header.Set(contentType, cType)
		ctx.Response.Header.Set(lastModified, modtimeStr)
		ctx.SetStatusCode(StatusOK)
		ctx.Response.SetBody(content)
	}
	api.Head(reqPath, h)
	return api.Get(reqPath, h)
}

// Favicon serves static favicon
// accepts 2 parameters, second is optional
// favPath (string), declare the system directory path of the __.ico
// requestPath (string), it's the route's path, by default this is the "/favicon.ico" because some browsers tries to get this by default first,
// you can declare your own path if you have more than one favicon (desktop, mobile and so on)
//
// this func will add a route for you which will static serve the /yuorpath/yourfile.ico to the /yourfile.ico (nothing special that you can't handle by yourself)
// Note that you have to call it on every favicon you have to serve automatically (dekstop, mobile and so on)
//
// panics on error
func Favicon(favPath string, requestPath ...string) RouteNameFunc {
	return Default.Favicon(favPath, requestPath...)
}

// Favicon serves static favicon
// accepts 2 parameters, second is optional
// favPath (string), declare the system directory path of the __.ico
// requestPath (string), it's the route's path, by default this is the "/favicon.ico" because some browsers tries to get this by default first,
// you can declare your own path if you have more than one favicon (desktop, mobile and so on)
//
// this func will add a route for you which will static serve the /yuorpath/yourfile.ico to the /yourfile.ico (nothing special that you can't handle by yourself)
// Note that you have to call it on every favicon you have to serve automatically (dekstop, mobile and so on)
//
// panics on error
func (api *muxAPI) Favicon(favPath string, requestPath ...string) RouteNameFunc {
	f, err := os.Open(favPath)
	if err != nil {
		panic(errDirectoryFileNotFound.Format(favPath, err.Error()))
	}
	defer f.Close()
	fi, _ := f.Stat()
	if fi.IsDir() { // if it's dir the try to get the favicon.ico
		fav := path.Join(favPath, "favicon.ico")
		f, err = os.Open(fav)
		if err != nil {
			//we try again with .png
			return api.Favicon(path.Join(favPath, "favicon.png"))
		}
		favPath = fav
		fi, _ = f.Stat()
	}
	modtime := fi.ModTime().UTC().Format(config.TimeFormat)
	cType := utils.TypeByExtension(favPath)
	// copy the bytes here in order to cache and not read the ico on each request.
	cacheFav := make([]byte, fi.Size())
	if _, err = f.Read(cacheFav); err != nil {
		panic(errDirectoryFileNotFound.Format(favPath, "Couldn't read the data bytes for Favicon: "+err.Error()))
	}

	h := func(ctx *Context) {
		if t, err := time.Parse(config.TimeFormat, ctx.RequestHeader(ifModifiedSince)); err == nil && fi.ModTime().Before(t.Add(config.StaticCacheDuration)) {
			ctx.Response.Header.Del(contentType)
			ctx.Response.Header.Del(contentLength)
			ctx.SetStatusCode(StatusNotModified)
			return
		}

		ctx.Response.Header.Set(contentType, cType)
		ctx.Response.Header.Set(lastModified, modtime)
		ctx.SetStatusCode(StatusOK)
		ctx.Response.SetBody(cacheFav)
	}

	reqPath := "/favicon" + path.Ext(fi.Name()) //we could use the filename, but because standards is /favicon.ico/.png.
	if len(requestPath) > 0 {
		reqPath = requestPath[0]
	}

	api.Head(reqPath, h)
	return api.Get(reqPath, h)
}

// Layout oerrides the parent template layout with a more specific layout for this Party
// returns this Party, to continue as normal
// example:
// my := iris.Party("/my").Layout("layouts/mylayout.html")
// 	{
// 		my.Get("/", func(ctx *iris.Context) {
// 			ctx.MustRender("page1.html", nil)
// 		})
// 	}
//
func (api *muxAPI) Layout(tmplLayoutFile string) MuxAPI {
	api.UseFunc(func(ctx *Context) {
		ctx.Set(config.TemplateLayoutContextKey, tmplLayoutFile)
		ctx.Next()
	})
	return api
}