update the subdomain redirect example using the rewrite middleware

_examples/routing/subdomains/redirect/main.go

@@ -1,73 +1,59 @@
-// Package main shows how to register a simple 'www' subdomain,
-// using the `app.WWW` method, which will register a router wrapper which will
-// redirect all 'mydomain.com' requests to 'www.mydomain.com'.
-// Check the 'hosts' file to see how to test the 'mydomain.com' on your local machine.
 package main
 
-import "github.com/kataras/iris/v12"
-
-const addr = "mydomain.com:80"
+import (
+	"github.com/kataras/iris/v12"
+	"github.com/kataras/iris/v12/middleware/rewrite"
+)
 
 func main() {
 	app := newApp()
 
-	// http(s)://mydomain.com, will be redirect to http(s)://www.mydomain.com.
-	// The `www` variable is the `app.Subdomain("www")`.
-	//
-	// app.WWW() wraps the router so it can redirect all incoming requests
-	// that comes from 'http(s)://mydomain.com/%path%' (www is missing)
-	// to `http(s)://www.mydomain.com/%path%`.
-	//
-	// Try:
 	// http://mydomain.com             -> http://www.mydomain.com
-	// http://mydomain.com/users       -> http://www.mydomain.com/users
-	// http://mydomain.com/users/login -> http://www.mydomain.com/users/login
-	app.Listen(addr)
+	// http://mydomain.com/user        -> http://www.mydomain.com/user
+	// http://mydomain.com/user/login  -> http://www.mydomain.com/user/login
+	app.Listen(":80")
 }
 
 func newApp() *iris.Application {
 	app := iris.New()
-	app.Get("/", func(ctx iris.Context) {
-		ctx.Writef("This will never be executed.")
-	})
+	app.Logger().SetLevel("debug")
 
-	www := app.Subdomain("www") // <- same as app.Party("www.")
-	www.Get("/", index)
+	static := app.Subdomain("static")
+	static.Get("/", staticIndex)
 
-	// www is an `iris.Party`, use it like you already know, like grouping routes.
-	www.PartyFunc("/users", func(p iris.Party) { // <- same as www.Party("/users").Get(...)
-		p.Get("/", usersIndex)
-		p.Get("/login", getLogin)
-	})
+	app.Get("/", index)
+	userRouter := app.Party("/user")
+	userRouter.Get("/", userGet)
+	userRouter.Get("/login", userGetLogin)
 
-	// redirects mydomain.com/%anypath% to www.mydomain.com/%anypath%.
-	// First argument is the 'from' and second is the 'to/target'.
-	app.SubdomainRedirect(app, www)
-
-	// SubdomainRedirect works for multi-level subdomains as well:
-	// subsub := www.Subdomain("subsub") // subsub.www.mydomain.com
-	// subsub.Get("/", func(ctx iris.Context) { ctx.Writef("subdomain is: " + ctx.Subdomain()) })
-	// app.SubdomainRedirect(subsub, www)
+	// redirects := rewrite.Load("redirects.yml")
+	// ^ see _examples/routing/rewrite example for that.
 	//
-	// If you need to redirect any subdomain to 'www' then:
-	// app.SubdomainRedirect(app.WildcardSubdomain(), www)
-	// If you need to redirect from a subdomain to the root domain then:
-	// app.SubdomainRedirect(app.Subdomain("mysubdomain"), app)
-	//
-	// Note that app.Party("mysubdomain.") and app.Subdomain("mysubdomain")
-	// is the same exactly thing, the difference is that the second can omit the last dot('.').
+	// Now let's do that by code.
+	rewriteEngine, _ := rewrite.New(rewrite.Options{
+		PrimarySubdomain: "www",
+	})
+	// Enable this line for debugging:
+	// rewriteEngine.SetLogger(app.Logger())
+	app.WrapRouter(rewriteEngine.Rewrite)
 
 	return app
 }
 
+func staticIndex(ctx iris.Context) {
+	ctx.Writef("This is the static.mydomain.com index.")
+}
+
 func index(ctx iris.Context) {
-	ctx.Writef("This is the www.mydomain.com endpoint.")
+	ctx.Writef("This is the www.mydomain.com index.")
 }
 
-func usersIndex(ctx iris.Context) {
-	ctx.Writef("This is the www.mydomain.com/users endpoint.")
+func userGet(ctx iris.Context) {
+	// Also, ctx.Subdomain(), ctx.SubdomainFull(), ctx.Host() and ctx.Path()
+	// can be helpful when working with subdomains.
+	ctx.Writef("This is the www.mydomain.com/user endpoint.")
 }
 
-func getLogin(ctx iris.Context) {
-	ctx.Writef("This is the www.mydomain.com/users/login endpoint.")
+func userGetLogin(ctx iris.Context) {
+	ctx.Writef("This is the www.mydomain.com/user/login endpoint.")
 }

core/router/api_builder.go

@@ -980,7 +980,7 @@ func (api *APIBuilder) UseOnce(handlers ...context.Handler) {
 
 // UseGlobal registers handlers that should run at the very beginning.
 // It prepends those handler(s) to all routes,
-// including all parties, subdomains.
+// including all parties, subdomains and errors.
 // It doesn't care about call order, it will prepend the handlers to all
 // existing routes and the future routes that may being registered.
 //

core/router/router_handlers_order_test.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ package router_test
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/kataras/iris/v12"
@@ -285,3 +286,72 @@ func TestUseRouterSubdomains(t *testing.T) {
 	e.GET("/notfound").WithURL("http://old.example.com").Expect().Status(iris.StatusNotFound).Body().
 		Equal("Not Found")
 }
+
+func TestUseWrapOrder(t *testing.T) {
+	var (
+		expectedBody         = "#1 .WrapRouter\n#2 .UseRouter\n#3 .UseGlobal\n#4 .Use\n#5 Main Handler\n"
+		expectedNotFoundBody = "#3 .UseGlobal\n#1 .UseError\n#2 Main Error Handler\n"
+		makeMiddleware       = func(body string) iris.Handler {
+			return func(ctx iris.Context) {
+				ctx.WriteString(body)
+				ctx.Next()
+			}
+		}
+
+		handler = func(ctx iris.Context) {
+			ctx.WriteString("#5 Main Handler\n")
+		}
+
+		errorHandler = func(ctx iris.Context) {
+			ctx.WriteString("#2 Main Error Handler\n")
+		}
+
+		useHandler = makeMiddleware("#4 .Use\n")
+		useGlobal  = makeMiddleware("#3 .UseGlobal\n")
+		useError   = func(ctx iris.Context) {
+			// UseError has captured the status code, because it runs
+			// after the router itself but only one error handlers.
+			ctx.WriteString("#1 .UseError\n")
+			ctx.Next()
+		}
+		useRouter = func(ctx iris.Context) {
+			if ctx.Path() == "/" {
+				ctx.WriteString("#2 .UseRouter\n")
+			}
+
+			ctx.Next()
+		}
+		wrapRouter = func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, router http.HandlerFunc) {
+			if r.URL.Path == "/" {
+				w.Write([]byte("#1 .WrapRouter\n"))
+				// Note for beginners, reading this test:
+				// if we write something here on a not found page,
+				// in the raw net/http wrapper like this one,
+				// then the response writer sends 200 status OK
+				// (on first write) and so any error handler will not be fired as expected,
+				// these are basic things. If you w.WriteHeader you cannot change the status code later on too.
+				// In Iris handlers, if you write before status code set, then it sends 200
+				// and it cannot change too (if you want to change that behavior you use ctx.Record()).
+				// However if you
+				// just call ctx.StatusCode without content written then you are able to change the status code
+				// later on.
+			}
+
+			router(w, r)
+		}
+	)
+
+	app := iris.New()
+	app.Use(useHandler)
+	app.UseGlobal(useGlobal)
+	app.UseError(useError)
+	app.UseRouter(useRouter)
+	app.WrapRouter(wrapRouter)
+
+	app.OnErrorCode(iris.StatusNotFound, errorHandler)
+	app.Get("/", handler)
+
+	e := httptest.New(t, app)
+	e.GET("/NotFound").Expect().Status(iris.StatusNotFound).Body().Equal(expectedNotFoundBody)
+	e.GET("/").Expect().Status(iris.StatusOK).Body().Equal(expectedBody)
+}

middleware/rewrite/rewrite.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/kataras/iris/v12/context"
 	"github.com/kataras/iris/v12/core/router"
 
+	"github.com/kataras/golog"
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 )
 
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@ type Engine struct {
 	redirects []*redirectMatch
 	options   Options
 
+	logger          *golog.Logger
 	domainValidator func(string) bool
 }
 
@@ -117,6 +119,35 @@ func New(opts Options) (*Engine, error) {
 	return e, nil
 }
 
+// SetLogger attachs a logger to the Rewrite Engine,
+// used only for debugging.
+// Defaults to nil.
+func (e *Engine) SetLogger(logger *golog.Logger) *Engine {
+	e.logger = logger.Child(e).SetChildPrefix("rewrite")
+	return e
+}
+
+// init the request logging with [DBUG].
+func (e *Engine) initDebugf(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if e.logger == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	e.logger.Debugf(format, args...)
+}
+
+var skipDBUGSpace = strings.Repeat(" ", 7)
+
+// continue debugging the same request with new lines and spacing,
+// easier to read.
+func (e *Engine) debugf(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if e.logger == nil || e.logger.Level < golog.DebugLevel {
+		return
+	}
+
+	fmt.Fprintf(e.logger.Printer, skipDBUGSpace+format, args...)
+}
+
 // Handler is an Iris Handler that can be used as a router or party or route middleware.
 // For a global alternative, if you want to wrap the entire Iris Application
 // use the `Wrapper` instead.
@@ -141,6 +172,8 @@ func (e *Engine) Rewrite(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, routeHandler ht
 	if primarySubdomain := e.options.PrimarySubdomain; primarySubdomain != "" {
 		hostport := context.GetHost(r)
 		root := context.GetDomain(hostport)
+
+		e.initDebugf("Begin request: full host: %s and root domain: %s", hostport, root)
 		// Note:
 		// localhost and 127.0.0.1 are not supported for subdomain rewrite, by purpose,
 		// use a virtual host instead.
@@ -150,10 +183,14 @@ func (e *Engine) Rewrite(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, routeHandler ht
 			root += getPort(hostport)
 			subdomain := strings.TrimSuffix(hostport, root)
 
+			e.debugf("Domain is not a loopback, requested subdomain: %s\n", subdomain)
+
 			if subdomain == "" {
 				// we are in root domain, full redirect to its primary subdomain.
-				r.Host = primarySubdomain + root
-				r.URL.Host = primarySubdomain + root
+				newHost := primarySubdomain + root
+				e.debugf("Redirecting from root domain to: %s\n", newHost)
+				r.Host = newHost
+				r.URL.Host = newHost
 				http.Redirect(w, r, r.URL.String(), http.StatusMovedPermanently)
 				return
 			}
@@ -164,13 +201,15 @@ func (e *Engine) Rewrite(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, routeHandler ht
 				// to bypass the subdomain router (`routeHandler`)
 				// do not return, redirects should be respected.
 				rootHost := strings.TrimPrefix(hostport, subdomain)
-
+				e.debugf("Request host field was modified to: %s. Proceed without redirection\n", rootHost)
 				// modify those for the next redirects or the route handler.
 				r.Host = rootHost
 				r.URL.Host = rootHost
 			}
 
 			// maybe other subdomain or not at all, let's continue.
+		} else {
+			e.debugf("Primary subdomain is: %s but redirect response was not sent. Domain is a loopback?\n", primarySubdomain)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -183,6 +222,7 @@ func (e *Engine) Rewrite(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, routeHandler ht
 
 		if target, ok := rd.matchAndReplace(src); ok {
 			if target == src {
+				e.debugf("WARNING: source and target URLs match: %s\n", src)
 				routeHandler(w, r)
 				return
 			}
@@ -194,6 +234,7 @@ func (e *Engine) Rewrite(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, routeHandler ht
 					return
 				}
 
+				e.debugf("No redirect: handle request: %s as: %s\n", r.RequestURI, u)
 				r.URL = u
 				routeHandler(w, r)
 				return
@@ -202,8 +243,10 @@ func (e *Engine) Rewrite(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, routeHandler ht
 			if !rd.isRelativePattern {
 				// this performs better, no need to check query or host,
 				// the uri already built.
+				e.debugf("Full redirect: from: %s to: %s\n", src, target)
 				redirectAbs(w, r, target, rd.code)
 			} else {
+				e.debugf("Path redirect: from: %s to: %s\n", src, target)
 				http.Redirect(w, r, target, rd.code)
 			}